電信技術(shù)實(shí)用指南

引言                  
 第1部分 網(wǎng)絡(luò)的演化                  
 第1章 電信技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)                  
 1.1 聲音的傳播與電話機(jī)                  
 1.2 電話網(wǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 1.2.1 本地環(huán)                  
 1.2.2 中心局交換機(jī)                  
 1.2.3 干線                  
 1.2.4 完整網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 1.2.5 專用網(wǎng)                  
 1.2.6 傳統(tǒng)電話與IP電話                  
 1.3 北美編號(hào)計(jì)劃                  
 1.3.1 特殊號(hào)碼                  
 1.4 美國(guó)對(duì)電話網(wǎng)的調(diào)整                  
 1.4.1 最終決定的修改                  
 1.4.2 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)進(jìn)入本地服務(wù)領(lǐng)域：旁路                  
 1.4.3 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)接入提供商                  
 1.4.4 1996年《電信法》                  
 1.4.5 本地電話號(hào)碼的可移植性                  
 1.4.6 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)生的作用                  
 1.4.7 熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題與TA96                  
 1.5 電話協(xié)會(huì)                  
 1.5.1 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織                  
 1.5.2 管理組織                  
                   
 第2章 數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)介紹                  
 2.1 計(jì)算環(huán)境的演化                  
 2.1.1 大型主機(jī)                  
 2.1.2 小型計(jì)算機(jī)                  
 2.1.3 個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)                  
 2.2 OSI－ISO參考模型                  
 2.2.1 參考模型中的分層                  
 2.2.2 今天的OSI                  
 2.3 其他模型                  
 2.3.1 系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 2.3.2 Internet協(xié)議族                  
 2.4 一些樣本網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 2.4.1 SOHO網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 2.4.2 小型公司網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 2.4.3 企業(yè)網(wǎng)                  
                   
 第3章 因特網(wǎng)介紹                  
 3.1 因特網(wǎng)是什么？                  
 3.1.1 因特網(wǎng)的歷史                  
 3.1.2 因特網(wǎng)與其他連網(wǎng)項(xiàng)目                  
 3.1.3 商業(yè)因特網(wǎng)                  
 3.1.4 因特網(wǎng)的開發(fā). 管理和監(jiān)控                  
 3.2 因特網(wǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 3.2.1 因特網(wǎng)成分                  
 3.2.2 因特網(wǎng)的層次結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 3.2.3 連通                  
 3.3 連接因特網(wǎng)                  
 3.3.1 撥號(hào)接入                  
 3.3.2 寬帶接入                  
 3.3.3 寬帶連接                  
 3.3.4 因特網(wǎng)服務(wù)                  
 3.4 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第2部分 網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)                  
 第4章 物理層                  
 4.1 物理層體系結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 4.1.1 單工. 半雙工和雙工之間的差別                  
 4.1.2 點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)                  
 4.1.3 并行與串行物理通信                  
 4.2 通信介質(zhì)                  
 4.3 信令與信息內(nèi)容                  
 4.3.1 寬帶信令                  
 4.3.2 基帶信令                  
 4.3.3 寬帶與基帶, 模擬與數(shù)字                  
 4.3.4 信今約束與信道容量                  
 4.4 時(shí)序與同步                  
 4.4.1 并行物理接口中的時(shí)序                  
 4.4.2 串行物理接口中的時(shí)序                  
 4.5 物理層上的復(fù)用                  
 4.5.1 頻分復(fù)用                  
 4.5.2 時(shí)分復(fù)用                  
 4.6 物理層協(xié)議舉例                  
 4.6.1 EIA－232－E                  
 4.6.2 ITU建議X.21                  
 4.7 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第5章 數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層協(xié)議                  
 5.1 數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層功能                  
 5.2 數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層服務(wù)                  
 5.2.1 線路訪問(wèn)控制                  
 5.2.2 其他線路訪問(wèn)控制                  
 5.2.3 幀同步                  
 5.2.4 數(shù)據(jù)界定                  
 5.2.5 透明性                  
 5.2.6 錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)與恢復(fù)                  
 5.2.7 流量控制                  
 5.2.8 地址                  
 5.2.9 連接的建立與釋放                  
 5.3 舊數(shù)據(jù)鏈路協(xié)議                  
 5.3.1 HDLC                  
 5.3.2 BISYNC                  
 5.3.3 DDCMP                  
 5.4 服務(wù)的發(fā)展                  
 5.4.1 點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)協(xié)議                  
 5.4.2 LAN協(xié)議                  
 5.4.3 WAN協(xié)議                  
                   
 第6章 交換                  
 6.1 交換的基本概念                  
 6.1.1 電路交換                  
 6.1.2 分組交換                  
 6.2 分組網(wǎng)                  
 6.2.1 無(wú)連接分組網(wǎng)                  
 6.2.2 面向連接的分組網(wǎng)                  
 6.3 交換機(jī)                  
 6.3.1 電路交換機(jī)                  
 6.3.2 分組交換機(jī)                  
 6.4 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第7章 網(wǎng)絡(luò)層                  
 7.1 網(wǎng)絡(luò)層的作用                  
 7.2 面向連接的網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 7.3 路徑控制                  
 7.4 無(wú)連接網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 7.4.1 路由器與路由選擇                  
 7.5 協(xié)議及常用模式的實(shí)例                  
 7.5.1 AppleTalk                  
 7.5.2 DECNet四型網(wǎng)                  
 7.5.3 IPv6                  
 7.5.4 IPX                  
 7.5.5 NetBEUI                  
                   
 第8章 傳輸層                  
 8.1 傳輸層操作                  
 8.1.1 傳輸層尋址                  
 8.1.2 連接建立與釋放                  
 8.1.3 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸                  
 8.2 特例：無(wú)連接傳輸層                  
 8.3 傳輸層實(shí)例                  
 8.3.1 TCP與UDP                  
 8.3.2 ISO傳輸層協(xié)議                  
 8.4 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第9章 高層協(xié)議                  
 9.1 OSI與TCP／IP：三層與一層                  
 9.2 會(huì)話層                  
 9.3 對(duì)表示層和應(yīng)用層的需求                  
 9.3.1 表示層                  
 9.3.2 應(yīng)用層                  
 9.4 應(yīng)用服務(wù)層                  
 9.5 TCP／IP應(yīng)用服務(wù)層實(shí)例                  
 9.5.1 電子郵件                  
 9.5.2 萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)                  
 9.6 OSI應(yīng)用層實(shí)例                  
 9.6.1 目錄服務(wù)                  
 9.6.2 遠(yuǎn)程過(guò)程調(diào)用                  
 9.7 OSI表示層實(shí)例                  
 9.7.1 壓縮                  
 9.7.2 加密                  
 9.8 OSI會(huì)話層實(shí)例                  
 9.8.1 NetBIOS                  
 9.9 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第3部分 PSTN                  
 第10章 傳輸                  
 10.1 模擬金屬線傳輸系統(tǒng)                  
 10.2 數(shù)字金屬線傳輸系統(tǒng)                  
 10.2.1 為什么選用數(shù)字系統(tǒng)？                  
 10.2.2 模擬到數(shù)字的轉(zhuǎn)換：編解碼器                  
 10.2.3 T－1復(fù)用                  
 10.2.4 T－1應(yīng)用                  
 10.2.5 M1／3復(fù)用                  
 10.3 數(shù)字光纖傳輸系統(tǒng)                  
 10.3.1 SONET／SDH信號(hào)層次結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 10.3.2 SONET跨度的分析                  
 10.3.3 作為分層協(xié)議體系結(jié)構(gòu)的SONET                  
 10.3.4 SONET STS－1幀格式                  
 10.3.5 SONET STS－1同步有效載荷信封（SPE）                  
 10.3.6 SONET層小結(jié)                  
 10.3.7 運(yùn)營(yíng)商（和客戶）為什么喜歡SONET？                  
 10.4 模擬光傳輸系統(tǒng)                  
 10.4.1 波分復(fù)用                  
 10.4.2 光網(wǎng)絡(luò)的曙光                  
 10.5 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第11章 PSTN中的交換                  
 11.1 傳輸業(yè)務(wù)工程                  
 11.1.1 解決傳輸業(yè)務(wù)問(wèn)題                  
 11.1.2 度量負(fù)荷                  
 11.1.3 利用信息與確定阻塞概率                  
 11.1.4 管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 11.2 傳輸業(yè)務(wù)交換                  
 11.2.1 電路交換需求                  
 11.2.2 交換機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 11.2.3 數(shù)字交換機(jī)需求與舉例                  
 11.3 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第12章 公共信道7號(hào)信令                  
 12.1 信令的歷史                  
 12.2 SS7的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)                  
 12.2.1 SS7的組成                  
 12.2.2 SS7協(xié)議體系結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 12.3 智能網(wǎng)                  
 12.3.1 IN服務(wù)舉例                  
 12.3.2 智能網(wǎng)的未來(lái)                  
 12.4 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第13章 綜合業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)字網(wǎng)                  
 13.1 ISDN簡(jiǎn)介                  
 13.1.1 為什么使用ISDN                  
 13.1.2 ITU－T ISDN                  
 13.2 ISDN詳解                  
 13.2.1 ISDN功能設(shè)備                  
 13.2.2 ISDN參考點(diǎn)                  
 13.2.3 ISDN信道                  
 13.2.4 ISDN接口                  
 13.2.5 ISDN信令                  
 13.3 ISDN的當(dāng)前狀態(tài)                  
 13.4 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第14章 無(wú)線電話系統(tǒng)                  
 14.1 無(wú)線電波                  
 14.1.1 移動(dòng)無(wú)線電                  
 14.2 蜂窩服務(wù)                  
 14.2.1 蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 14.2.2 接續(xù)                  
 14.2.3 信令                  
 14.3 復(fù)用技術(shù)                  
 14.3.1 FDMA                  
 14.3.2 TDMA                  
 14.3.3 CDMA                  
 14.3.4 FDMA. TDMA與CDMA的直接比較                  
 14.4 GSM                  
 14.5 第三代無(wú)線系統(tǒng)                  
 14.6 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第4部分 數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)                  
 第15章 局域網(wǎng)                  
 15.1 LAN的組成                  
 15.1.1 傳輸介質(zhì)類型考慮                  
 15.1.2 拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)                  
 15.1.3 LAN適配器                  
 15.2 訪問(wèn)控制（MAC機(jī)制）                  
 15.2.1 CSMA／CD                  
 15.3 IEEE 802 LAN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)                  
 15.3.1 IEEE 802.3：以太網(wǎng)                  
 15.3.2 無(wú)線LAN：IEEE 802.11                  
 15.3.3 邏輯鏈路控制：IEEE 802.2                  
 15.4 橋接／交換體系結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 15.4.1 透明橋接                  
 15.4.2 源路由橋接                  
 15.5 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第16章 第一個(gè)PSPDN：X.25                  
 16.1 ITU-T（CCITT）Recommendation X.25                  
 16.1.1 X.25物理層：X.21／X.21bis                  
 16.1.2 X.25數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層：LAPB                  
 16.1.3 X.25網(wǎng)絡(luò)層：分組層協(xié)議                  
 16.1.4 X.25用戶功能選項(xiàng)                  
 16.1.5 X.25 PLP上的特殊操作                  
 16.2 在PSPDN中使用的其他X.系列建議                  
 16.2.1 互連PSPDN：Recommendation X.75                  
 16.2.2 到PSPDN的交換接入：Recommendation X.32                  
 16.2.3 PSPDN與ISDN之間的關(guān)系：Recommendation X.31                  
 16.2.4 通過(guò)異步設(shè)備接入PSPDN：Recommendation X.3／X.28／X.29                  
 16.3 PSDN接入選項(xiàng). 價(jià)格模型與應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)                  
 16.4 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第17章 幀中繼                  
 17.1 幀中繼基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)                  
 17.1.1 幀中繼規(guī)范                  
 17.1.2 服務(wù)類型                  
 17.2 LAPF-核幀格式                  
 17.2.1 DLCI值                  
 17.2.2 顯式擁塞通知                  
 17.2.3 擁塞與幀丟棄                  
 17.3 幀中繼服務(wù)類參數(shù)                  
 17.3.1 CIR的超訂                  
 17.3.2 零CIR                  
 17.4 鏈路管理                  
 17.4.1 鏈路管理功能                  
 17.5 幀中繼接入選項(xiàng)                  
 17.6 網(wǎng)絡(luò)到網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口                  
 17.7 幀中繼與ATM                  
 17.7.1 使用FRF.5的幀中繼／ATM PVC網(wǎng)絡(luò)互連                  
 17.7.2 使用FRF.8的幀中繼／ATM PVC服務(wù)互連                  
 17.8 幀中繼客戶框架                  
 17.8.1 ISP網(wǎng)中的幀中繼                  
 17.8.2 幀中繼與其他協(xié)議                  
 17.8.3 應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)：LAN互連                  
 17.8.4 應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)：SNA                  
 17.8.5 應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)：幀中繼上的語(yǔ)音                  
 17.9 幀中繼的實(shí)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題                  
 17.9.1 客戶網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理                  
 17.9.2 多點(diǎn)廣播服務(wù)                  
 17.9.3 幀中繼服務(wù)成本                  
 17.9.4 幀中繼設(shè)備                  
 17.10 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第18章 異步傳輸模式                  
 18.1 信元與速度：ATM的關(guān)鍵                  
 18.1.1 ATM傳輸業(yè)務(wù)類                  
 18.2 ATM分層與協(xié)議                  
 18.2.1 ATM物理層                  
 18.2.2 ATM層                  
 18.2.3 ATM適配層                  
 18.2.4 ATM分層與協(xié)議操作小結(jié)                  
 18.3 ATM連接與操作                  
 18.3.1 ATM傳輸業(yè)務(wù)類與服務(wù)質(zhì)量參數(shù)                  
 18.3.2 ATM連接與操作小結(jié)                  
 18.4 ATM應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)                  
 18.4.1 通信公司主干網(wǎng)中的ATM                  
 18.4.2 專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的ATM                  
 18.5 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第5部分 因特網(wǎng)                  
 第19章 Internet協(xié)議族                  
 19.1 網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口層                  
 19.2 Internet協(xié)議                  
 19.2.1 IP尋址                  
 19.2.2 地址類                  
 19.2.3 子網(wǎng)掩碼                  
 19.2.4 IP路由                  
 19.3 TCP／UDP傳輸層                  
 19.3.1 服務(wù)類                  
 19.3.2 用戶數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)協(xié)議                  
 19.3.3 眾所周知端口                  
 19.4 應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)服務(wù)                  
 19.4.1 DNS                  
 19.4.2 FTP                  
 19.4.3 ICMP                  
 19.4.4 SNMP                  
 19.4.5 SMTP／POP／IMAP／MIME                  
 19.4.6 HTTP                  
 19.5 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第20章 因特網(wǎng)接入選項(xiàng)                  
 20.1 高速因特網(wǎng)接入與PSTN                  
 20.1.1 撥號(hào)因特網(wǎng)接入——V.90調(diào)制解調(diào)器                  
 20.1.2 不斷線的因特網(wǎng)接入——ADSL                  
 20.1.3 ADSL小結(jié)                  
 20.2 高速因特網(wǎng)接入與CATV網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 20.2.1 CATV網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析                  
 20.2.2 CATV標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與協(xié)議                  
 20.2.3 高速因特網(wǎng)接入電纜調(diào)制解調(diào)器的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)                  
 20.2.4 電纜調(diào)制解調(diào)器小結(jié)                  
 20.3 高速因特網(wǎng)接入的無(wú)線選項(xiàng)                  
 20.3.1 基站無(wú)線選擇                  
 20.3.2 基于衛(wèi)星的無(wú)線因特網(wǎng)接入選項(xiàng)                  
 20.4 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第21章 ISP網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 21.1 接入                  
 21.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入點(diǎn)（NAP）與專用對(duì)等接入                  
 21.3 認(rèn)證. 授權(quán)與記賬（AAA）                  
 21.4 基本服務(wù)                  
 21.5 路由考慮與BGP                  
 21.6 其他服務(wù)                  
 21.7 小結(jié)                  
                   
 第6部分 聚合                  
 第22章 ATM主干網(wǎng)介紹                  
 22.1 ATM與因特網(wǎng)                  
 22.1.1 網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入點(diǎn)                  
 22.1.2 作為第一層傳輸技術(shù)的ATM                  
 22.1.3 vBNS                  
 22.2 結(jié)合ADSL使用ATM                  
 22.2.1 功能劃分                  
 22.3 幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)選型                  
 22.3.1 幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)選項(xiàng)                  
 22.3.2 幀到ATM傳輸流量管理問(wèn)題                  
 22.4 作為PSTN主干網(wǎng)的ATM                  
 22.4.1 作為統(tǒng)一傳輸?shù)腁TM                  
 22.5 ATM主干網(wǎng)小結(jié)                  
                   
 第23章 作為核心的Internet協(xié)議                  
 23.1 服務(wù)質(zhì)量                  
 23.1.1 突出服務(wù)                  
 23.1.2 多協(xié)議標(biāo)簽交換（MPLS）                  
 23.2 安全                  
 23.2.1 加密介紹                  
 23.2.2 公鑰加密                  
 23.2.3 數(shù)字證書                  
 23.2.4 防火墻介紹                  
 23.3 虛擬專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 23.3.1 通道                  
 23.3.2 遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)認(rèn)證                  
 23.4 IP電話                  
 23.4.1 傳統(tǒng)電話與IP電話的比較                  
 23.4.2 組成                  
 23.4.3 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)                  
 23.4.4 應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)                  
 23.5 通信公司網(wǎng)絡(luò)                  
 23.6 小結(jié)