計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)（英文版·第2版）

     CONTENlS
    Foreword
    Fofeword to the Flrt Editlon
    Preface
   1 Foundation
   Problem: Bullding a Network
    1.1 Requlroments
    1.1.1 Connectivlty
    1.1.2 Cot-Effectlv Resource Sharlng
    1.1.3 Support for Common Sorvices
    1.1.4 Perfonmance
    1.2 Network Archlfeture
    1.2.1 Layering and Protocols
    12.2 OSL Archltecture
    1.2.3 Intemet Archltoetura
    1.3 Implementlng Network Software
    l.3.l Appllcatlon Programmlng Infrface (Sookf)
    1.3.2 Example Appllcation
    1.3.3 Protocol Implemtatlon lssues
    1.4 Summary
   Open lssue: Ublquitous Networklng
   Further Reading
   Exerclses
    2 Oirect Link Networks
    Problem: Phyically Connrctlng Hof
    2.1 Hardware Bulldlng Blocks
    2.1.1 Nodes
    2.1.2 Unks
    2.2 Encodlng (NRZ. NRZl. Manchester, 4B/5B)
    2.3 Framlng
    2.3. l Byte-Oriented Protocols (BlSYNC,PPP, DDCMP)
    2.3.2 Bit-Orienfod Protocols (HDLC)
    2.3.3 Clock-Based Framing (SONET)
    2.4 Error Dfctlon
    2.4.1 TWo-Dimensional Parity
    2.4.2 Internt Checlkum Algorithm
    2.4.3 Cyclic Redundanc Check
    2.5 Rellable transmisssion
    2.5.1 Stop-and-Wait
    2.5.2 Siiding Wlndow
    2.5.3 Concurront Loglcal Channels
    2.6 Ethernet (802.3)
    2.0.1 Phylcal Properties
    2.0.2 Access Protocol
    2.6.3 Experience with Ethernet
    2.7 Tokon Rings (802.5. FDDl)
    2.7.1 Phylcal Propertis
    2.7.2 Tokon Ring Media Access Control
    2.7.3 Tokon Rlng Malnfnance
    2.7.4 Frane Format
    2.7.5 FODl
    2.8 Wireless(802.11)
    2.8.1 Phylcal Proporties
    2.8.2 Collislon Avoldance
    2.8.3 Distributlon Syfm
    2.8.4 Frame Format
    2.9 Network Adaptors
    2.9.1 Compononts
    2.9.2 Viow from the Hot
    2.9.3 Device Drivers
    2.9.4 Momory Bottleneck
    2.10 Summary
   Open Issue: Does It Belong in Hardware?
   Further Roadlng
   3 Packet Switching
   Problom: Not All Notworks Are Dlrectly Connected
    3.1 Swltchlng and Forwardlng
    3.1.1 Dtagrams
    3.1.2 Vlrtual Circult Swltchlng
    3.1.3 Sourco Routlng
    3.1.4 Implomention and Parformance
    3.2 Bridges and LAN Swltches
    3.2.1 Lesrning Brldges
    3.2.2 Spanning Tree Algorlthm
    3.2.3 Broadcast and Multlcast
    3.2.4 Limifetions of Brldges
    3.3 Cell Switehlng (ATM)
    3.3.1 Cells
    3.3.2 Segmenttlon and Reasmbly
    3.3.3 Vlrtual Paths
    3.3.4 Phylcal Layers for ATM
    3.3.5 ATM in the LAN
    3.4 Swltching Hardware
    3.4.1 DeslgnQoals
    3.4.2 Ports and Fabrlcs
    3.4.3 Crossbar Swltches
    3.4.4 Share-Medis Switches
    3.4.5 Self-Routlng Fabrics
    3.8 Summary
   Open lssue: The Future of ATM
   Furtler Roading
   Exerclses
   4 Internetworking
   Problem: There is More Than One Ntwork
    4.1 Simple Intermetworking (IP)
    4. 1.1 What is an Internetwok?
    4.1.2 ServlceModol
    4.1.3 Olobal Addresses
    4.1.4 Datagram Forwardlng in iP
    4.1.8 Address Tramlatlon (ARP)
    4.1.6 Hot Configurtlon (DHCP)
    4.1. 7 Error Roportlng (lCMP)
    4.1.8 Vlrtual Ntworks and Tunineis
    4.2 Routing
    4.2.1 Ntwork as a Graph
    4.2.2 Dltance Vector (RlP)
    4.2.3 Unk State (OSPF)
    4.2.4 Metrics
    4.2.5 Routing for Mobiie Hosts
    4.3 Qlobal internet
    4.3.1 Subnettlng
    4.3.2 Classless Routlng (ClDR)
    4.3.3 Infrdomain Routlng (BQP)
    4.3.4 Routlng Areas
    4.3.5 IP version 6 (IPv6)
    4.4 Muiticat
    4.4.1 Unk-State Multlcast
    4.4.2 Difnce-Vector Multicat
    4.4.3 Protocol lncdopendont Muitlcat (PlM)
    4.6 Summary
   Opon issue: IP, ATM, and MPLS
   Further Reading
   EXercises
   5 End-to-End Protocols
   Problem: Qettlng Proesses to Communlcate
    5.l Simpte Demultlplexer (UDP)
    5.2 Reliable Byte Stream (TCP)
    5.2.1 End-to-End issues
    5.2.2 Sogment Format
    5.2.3 Connectlon Establishment and Tormlnation
    5.2.4 Slldlng Wlndow Revisitod
    5.2.8 Adaptive Retransmission
    5.2.9 Racord Boundaries
    5.2.7 TCP Extensions
    5.2.8 Aiternative Deslgn Cholces
    5.3 Ronote Procedure Call
    5.3.1 Bulk Transfer (BLAST)
    5.3.2 Request////roply(CHAN)
    5.3.3 Dispatcler (SELECT)
    5.3.4 Putting it All Togther (SunRPC. DCE)
    5.4 Performance
    5.4.1 Experimental Method
    5.4.2 Latency
    5.4.3 Throughput
    5.5 Summary
   Open Lssue: Application-Speclflc Protocoisis
   Further Reading
   Exerclaes
   6 Congestion Control and Resourca Allocation
   Problem: Allocatlng Resourees
    6.1 lssues in Resource Allocatlon
    6.1.1 Network Model
    6.1.2 Taxonomy
    6.1.3 Evaluation Criteria
    6.2 Queulng Discipllnes
    6.2.1 FlFO
    6.2.2 FairQueulng
    6.3 TCP Congestlon Control
    6.3.1 Addltlve increase/Multlpllcative Decrease
    6.3.2 Slow Start
    6.3.3 Fart Retransmlt and Fast Recovery
    6.4 Congation-Avoidance Mechanlsma
    6.4. 1 DECblt
    6.4.2 Random Early Defctlon (RED)
    6.4.3 Sourca Baaed Congetlon Avoldance
    6.5 Quallty of Sorvice
    6.5.1 Application Requiroments
    6.5.2 Intogratod Servlces (RSVP)
    6.6.3 Dlfferentiate Servlces
    6.5.4 ATM Quality of Service
    6.6 Summary
   Open lssue: lnside versus Outslde the Network
   Further Readlng
   7 End-to-End Data
   Problem: What Do We Do wlth the Data?
    7.1 Presenttion Formatting
    7.1.1 Taxonomy
    7.1. 2 Examipies(XDR.ASN.l.NDR)
    7.2 Df Compression
    7.2.1 Lossless Compresslon Algorithms
    7.2.2 image Compresslon (JPEO)
    7.2.3 Vldeo Compresson (MPEQ)
    7.2.4 Transmlttlng MPEQ over a Network
    7.2.8 Audlo Compresslon (MP3)
    7.3 Summry
   Open iasue: Compufr Networks Meet Consuner Electronics
   Further Roading
   Exerclses
   8 Network Security
   Problem: Securlng the Data
    8.1 Cryptographic Algorithms
    8.1.1 Requirements
    8.1.2 The Df Eneryption Standard (DES)
    8.1.3 RSA
    8.1.4 Message Digest 5 (MD5)
    8.1.5 implenmontation and porformanee
    8.2 Socurlty Mechanisms
    8.2.1 Authentlcatlon Protocols
    8.2.2 Message intogrity Protoeols
    8.2.3 Publle Key Ditrlbutlon (X.509)
    8.3 Example Sys tems
    8.3.1 Privacy Enhanced Mall (PEM)
    8.3.2 Pretty Good Prtvacy (PGP)
    8.3.3 Tranport Layer Security (TLS. SSL. HTTPS)
    8.3.4 IP Security (IPSEC)
    8.4 Firewalls
    8.4.1 Fller-Based Firewalls
    8.4.2 Proxy-Bassd Flrewalls
    8.4.3 Umltatlons
    8.5 Summary
   Open issue: Donial-of-Service Attacks
   Further Readlng
   Exercises
   9 Applications
   Problem: Applications Need Their Own Protoeols
    9.1 Name Service (DNS)
    9.1.1 Domaln Hierarchy
    9.1.2 Name Servers
    9.1.3 Name Resolution
    9.2 TradltloMl Applicatlons
    9.2.1 Electronlc Mail (SMTP, MlME)
    9.2.2 World Wlde Web(HTTP)
    9.2.3 Network Management (SNMP)
    9.3 Multimedia Applications
    9.3.1 Requirements
    9.3.2 Real-tlme Tranport Protocol (RTP)
    9.3.3 Session Control and Call Control (H.323)
    9.4 Summary
   Open lssue: Programming the Network
   Further Reading
   Exarclses
   Qlossary
   Index